# Lesson19.tcl
#
# NeHe's Particle Tutorial
#
# This Code Was Created By Jeff Molofee 2000
# If You've Found This Code Useful, Please Let Me Know.
# Visit My Site At nehe.gamedev.net
#
# Modified for Tcl3D by Paul Obermeier 2006/03/14
# See www.tcl3d.org for the Tcl3D extension.
package require Img
package require tcl3d
# Font to be used in the Tk listbox.
set gDemo(listFont) {-family {Courier} -size 10}
# Determine the directory of this script.
set gDemo(scriptDir) [file dirname [info script]]
set MAX_PARTICLES 100 ; # Number Of Particles To Create
# Window size.
set gDemo(winWidth) 640
set gDemo(winHeight) 480
# Display mode.
set gDemo(fullScreen) 0
set gDemo(rainbow) 1
set gDemo(slowdown) 2.0 ; # Slow Down Particles
set gDemo(xspeed) 0.0 ; # Base X Speed (To Allow Keyboard Direction Of Tail)
set gDemo(yspeed) 0.0 ; # Base Y Speed (To Allow Keyboard Direction Of Tail)
set gDemo(zoom) -20.0 ; # Used To Zoom Out
set gDemo(col) 0 ; # Current Color Selection
set gDemo(delay) 0 ; # Rainbow Effect Delay
set gDemo(texture) [tcl3dVector GLuint 1] ; # Storage For One Texture
# Particles are stored in a Tcl array
# bool active; // Active (Yes/No)
# float life; // Particle Life
# float fade; // Fade Speed
# float r; // Red Value
# float g; // Green Value
# float b; // Blue Value
# float x; // X Position
# float y; // Y Position
# float z; // Z Position
# float xi; // X Direction
# float yi; // Y Direction
# float zi; // Z Direction
# float xg; // X Gravity
# float yg; // Y Gravity
# float zg; // Z Gravity
# Rainbow Of Colors
array set colors {
0 {1.0 0.5 0.5}
1 {1.0 0.75 0.5}
2 {1.0 1.0 0.5}
3 {0.75 1.0 0.5}
4 {0.5 1.0 0.5}
5 {0.5 1.0 0.75}
6 {0.5 1.0 1.0}
7 {0.5 0.75 1.0}
8 {0.5 0.5 1.0}
9 {0.75 0.5 1.0}
10 {1.0 0.5 1.0}
11 {1.0 0.5 0.75}
}
# Show errors occuring in the Togl callbacks.
proc bgerror { msg } {
tk_messageBox -icon error -type ok -message "Error: $msg\n\n$::errorInfo"
ExitProg
}
# Print info message into widget a the bottom of the window.
proc PrintInfo { msg } {
if { [winfo exists .fr.info] } {
.fr.info configure -text $msg
}
}
proc SetFullScreenMode { win } {
set sh [winfo screenheight $win]
set sw [winfo screenwidth $win]
wm minsize $win $sw $sh
wm maxsize $win $sw $sh
set fmtStr [format "%dx%d+0+0" $sw $sh]
wm geometry $win $fmtStr
wm overrideredirect $win 1
focus -force $win
}
proc SetWindowMode { win w h } {
set sh [winfo screenheight $win]
set sw [winfo screenwidth $win]
wm minsize $win 10 10
wm maxsize $win $sw $sh
set fmtStr [format "%dx%d+0+25" $w $h]
wm geometry $win $fmtStr
wm overrideredirect $win 0
focus -force $win
}
# Toggle between windowing and fullscreen mode.
proc ToggleWindowMode {} {
if { $::gDemo(fullScreen) } {
SetFullScreenMode .
set ::gDemo(fullScreen) false
set ::gDemo(slowdown) 2.0
} else {
SetWindowMode . $::gDemo(winWidth) $::gDemo(winHeight)
set ::gDemo(fullScreen) true
set ::gDemo(slowdown) 1.0
}
}
proc myRand {} {
return [expr int (rand() * 32767.0)]
}
proc LoadGLTextures {} {
# Load texture image.
set texName [file join $::gDemo(scriptDir) "Data" "Particle.bmp"]
set retVal [catch {set phImg [image create photo -file $texName]} err1]
if { $retVal != 0 } {
error "Error reading image $texName ($err1)"
} else {
set w [image width $phImg]
set h [image height $phImg]
set n [tcl3dPhotoChans $phImg]
set TextureImage [tcl3dVectorFromPhoto $phImg]
image delete $phImg
}
if { $n == 3 } {
set type $::GL_RGB
} else {
set type $::GL_RGBA
}
glGenTextures 1 $::gDemo(texture) ; # Create One Texture
glBindTexture GL_TEXTURE_2D [$::gDemo(texture) get 0]
glTexParameteri GL_TEXTURE_2D GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER $::GL_LINEAR
glTexParameteri GL_TEXTURE_2D GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER $::GL_LINEAR
glTexImage2D GL_TEXTURE_2D 0 $n $w $h 0 $type GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE $TextureImage
$TextureImage delete ; # Free The Texture Image Memory
}
# Resize And Initialize The GL Window
proc ReshapeCallback { toglwin { w -1 } { h -1 } } {
set w [$toglwin width]
set h [$toglwin height]
glViewport 0 0 $w $h ; # Reset The Current Viewport
glMatrixMode GL_PROJECTION ; # Select The Projection Matrix
glLoadIdentity ; # Reset The Projection Matrix
# Calculate The Aspect Ratio Of The Window
gluPerspective 45.0 [expr double($w)/double($h)] 0.1 200.0
glMatrixMode GL_MODELVIEW ; # Select The Modelview Matrix
glLoadIdentity ; # Reset The Modelview Matrix
set ::gDemo(winWidth) $w
set ::gDemo(winHeight) $h
}
# All Setup For OpenGL Goes Here
proc CreateCallback { toglwin } {
LoadGLTextures ; # Jump To Texture Loading Routine
glShadeModel GL_SMOOTH ; # Enable Smooth Shading
glClearColor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 ; # Black Background
glClearDepth 1.0 ; # Depth Buffer Setup
glDisable GL_DEPTH_TEST ; # Disable Depth Testing
glEnable GL_BLEND ; # Enable Blending
glBlendFunc GL_SRC_ALPHA GL_ONE ; # Type Of Blending To Perform
glHint GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT GL_NICEST ; # Really Nice Perspective Calculations
glHint GL_POINT_SMOOTH_HINT GL_NICEST ; # Really Nice Point Smoothing
glEnable GL_TEXTURE_2D ; # Enable Texture Mapping
glBindTexture GL_TEXTURE_2D [$::gDemo(texture) get 0] ; # Select Our Texture
for { set loop 0 } { $loop < $::MAX_PARTICLES } {incr loop } {
# Initials All The Textures
set ::particle($loop,active) 1 ; # Make All The Particles Active
set ::particle($loop,life) 1.0 ; # Give All The Particles Full Life
set ::particle($loop,fade) [expr ([myRand]%100)/1000.0+0.003] ; # Random Fade Speed
set ind [expr $loop*(12/$::MAX_PARTICLES)]
set ::particle($loop,r) [lindex $::colors($ind) 0] ; # Select Rainbow Color
set ::particle($loop,g) [lindex $::colors($ind) 1] ; # Select Rainbow Color
set ::particle($loop,b) [lindex $::colors($ind) 2] ; # Select Rainbow Color
set ::particle($loop,xi) [expr (([myRand]%50)-26.0)*10.0] ; # Random Speed On X Axis
set ::particle($loop,yi) [expr (([myRand]%50)-25.0)*10.0] ; # Random Speed On Y Axis
set ::particle($loop,zi) [expr (([myRand]%50)-25.0)*10.0] ; # Random Speed On Z Axis
set ::particle($loop,xg) 0.0 ; # Set Horizontal Pull To Zero
set ::particle($loop,yg) -0.8 ; # Set Vertical Pull Downward
set ::particle($loop,zg) 0.0 ; # Set Pull On Z Axis To Zero
set ::particle($loop,x) 0.0
set ::particle($loop,y) 0.0
set ::particle($loop,z) 0.0
}
}
proc PullUp { toglwin } {
# If Y Gravity Is Less Than 1.5 Increase Pull Upwards
for { set loop 0 } { $loop < $::MAX_PARTICLES } {incr loop } {
if { $::particle($loop,active) } {
if { $::particle($loop,yg) < 1.5 } {
set ::particle($loop,yg) [expr $::particle($loop,yg) + 0.01]
}
}
}
#$toglwin postredisplay
}
proc PullDown { toglwin } {
# If Y Gravity Is Greater Than -1.5 Increase Pull Downwards
for { set loop 0 } { $loop < $::MAX_PARTICLES } {incr loop } {
if { $::particle($loop,active) } {
if { $::particle($loop,yg) > -1.5 } {
set ::particle($loop,yg) [expr $::particle($loop,yg) - 0.01]
}
}
}
#$toglwin postredisplay
}
proc PullRight { toglwin } {
# If X Gravity Is Less Than 1.5 Increase Pull Right
for { set loop 0 } { $loop < $::MAX_PARTICLES } {incr loop } {
if { $::particle($loop,active) } {
if { $::particle($loop,xg) < 1.5 } {
set ::particle($loop,xg) [expr $::particle($loop,xg) + 0.01]
}
}
}
#$toglwin postredisplay
}
proc PullLeft { toglwin } {
# If X Gravity Is Greater Than -1.5 Increase Pull Left
for { set loop 0 } { $loop < $::MAX_PARTICLES } {incr loop } {
if { $::particle($loop,active) } {
if { $::particle($loop,xg) > -1.5 } {
set ::particle($loop,xg) [expr $::particle($loop,xg) - 0.01]
}
}
}
#$toglwin postredisplay
}
proc Burst { toglwin } {
for { set loop 0 } { $loop < $::MAX_PARTICLES } {incr loop } {
if { $::particle($loop,active) } {
set ::particle($loop,x) 0.0 ; # Center On X Axis
set ::particle($loop,y) 0.0 ; # Center On Y Axis
set ::particle($loop,z) 0.0 ; # Center On Z Axis
set ::particle($loop,xi) [expr (([myRand]%50)-26.0)*10.0] ; # Random Speed On X Axis
set ::particle($loop,yi) [expr (([myRand]%50)-25.0)*10.0] ; # Random Speed On Y Axis
set ::particle($loop,zi) [expr (([myRand]%50)-25.0)*10.0] ; # Random Speed On Z Axis
}
}
$toglwin postredisplay
}
proc IncreaseUpwardSpeed {} {
if { $::gDemo(yspeed) < 200.0 } {
set ::gDemo(yspeed) [expr $::gDemo(yspeed) + 1.0]
}
}
# Increment zoom factor.
proc IncrZoom { val } {
set ::gDemo(zoom) [expr {$::gDemo(zoom) + $val}]
}
proc IncreaseDownwardSpeed {} {
if { $::gDemo(yspeed) > -200.0 } {
set ::gDemo(yspeed) [expr $::gDemo(yspeed) - 1.0]
}
}
proc IncreaseRightSpeed {} {
if { $::gDemo(xspeed) < 200.0 } {
set ::gDemo(xspeed) [expr $::gDemo(xspeed) + 1.0]
}
}
proc IncreaseLeftSpeed {} {
if { $::gDemo(xspeed) > -200.0 } {
set ::gDemo(xspeed) [expr $::gDemo(xspeed) - 1.0]
}
}
proc SpeedUp {} {
if { $::gDemo(slowdown) > 1.0 } {
set ::gDemo(slowdown) [expr $::gDemo(slowdown) - 0.01]
}
}
proc SlowDown {} {
if { $::gDemo(slowdown) < 4.0 } {
set ::gDemo(slowdown) [expr $::gDemo(slowdown) + 0.01]
}
}
proc ToggleRainbow {} {
set ::gDemo(rainbow) [expr 1 - $::gDemo(rainbow)]
}
proc ToggleColors {} {
if { $::gDemo(rainbow) && ($::gDemo(delay) > 25) } {
# Space Or Rainbow Mode
#set ::gDemo(rainbow) 0 ; # If Spacebar Is Pressed Disable Rainbow Mode
set gDemo(delay) 0 ; # Reset The Rainbow Color Cycling Delay
incr ::gDemo(col) ; # Change The Particle Color
if { $::gDemo(col) > 11 } {
set ::gDemo(col) 0 ; # If Color Is To High Reset It
}
}
}
proc Animate {} {
.fr.toglwin postredisplay
set ::animateId [tcl3dAfterIdle Animate]
}
proc StartAnimation {} {
if { ! [info exists ::animateId] } {
Animate
}
}
proc StopAnimation {} {
if { [info exists ::animateId] } {
after cancel $::animateId
unset ::animateId
}
}
# Here's Where We Do All The Drawing
proc DisplayCallback { toglwin } {
# Clear Screen And Depth Buffer
glClear [expr $::GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | $::GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT]
# Viewport command is not really needed, but has been inserted for
# Mac OSX. Presentation framework (Tk) does not send a reshape event,
# when switching from one demo to another.
glViewport 0 0 [$toglwin width] [$toglwin height]
glLoadIdentity ; # Reset The Current Modelview Matrix
set factor [expr { 1.0 / ($::gDemo(slowdown) * 1000)}]
for { set loop 0 } { $loop < $::MAX_PARTICLES } {incr loop } {
if { $::particle($loop,active) } {
# If The Particle Is Active
set x $::particle($loop,x) ; # Grab Our Particle X Position
set y $::particle($loop,y) ; # Grab Our Particle Y Position
set z [expr $::particle($loop,z) + $::gDemo(zoom)] ; # Particle Z Pos + Zoom
# Draw The Particle Using Our RGB Values, Fade The Particle Based On It's Life
glColor4f $::particle($loop,r) $::particle($loop,g) $::particle($loop,b) $::particle($loop,life)
set x1 [expr {$x - 0.5}]
set x2 [expr {$x + 0.5}]
set y1 [expr {$y - 0.5}]
set y2 [expr {$y + 0.5}]
glBegin GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP ; # Build Quad From A Triangle Strip
glTexCoord2d 1 1 ; glVertex3f $x2 $y2 $z ; # Top Right
glTexCoord2d 0 1 ; glVertex3f $x1 $y2 $z ; # Top Left
glTexCoord2d 1 0 ; glVertex3f $x2 $y1 $z ; # Bottom Right
glTexCoord2d 0 0 ; glVertex3f $x1 $y1 $z ; # Bottom Left
glEnd
set ::particle($loop,x) [expr {$::particle($loop,x) + $::particle($loop,xi) * $factor}]
set ::particle($loop,y) [expr {$::particle($loop,y) + $::particle($loop,yi) * $factor}]
set ::particle($loop,z) [expr {$::particle($loop,z) + $::particle($loop,zi) * $factor}]
set ::particle($loop,xi) [expr {$::particle($loop,xi) + $::particle($loop,xg)}]
set ::particle($loop,yi) [expr {$::particle($loop,yi) + $::particle($loop,yg)}]
set ::particle($loop,zi) [expr {$::particle($loop,zi) + $::particle($loop,zg)}]
set ::particle($loop,life) [expr {$::particle($loop,life) - $::particle($loop,fade)}]
if { $::particle($loop,life) < 0.0 } {
# If Particle Is Burned Out
set ::particle($loop,life) 1.0 ; # Give It New Life
set ::particle($loop,fade) [expr ([myRand]%100)/1000.0+0.003] ; # Random Fade Value
set ::particle($loop,x) 0.0 ; # Center On X Axis
set ::particle($loop,y) 0.0 ; # Center On Y Axis
set ::particle($loop,z) 0.0 ; # Center On Z Axis
set ::particle($loop,xi) [expr $::gDemo(xspeed)+([myRand]%60)-32.0] ; # X Axis Speed And Direction
set ::particle($loop,yi) [expr $::gDemo(yspeed)+([myRand]%60)-30.0] ; # Y Axis Speed And Direction
set ::particle($loop,zi) [expr ([myRand]%60)-30.0] ; # Z Axis Speed And Direction
set ::particle($loop,r) [lindex $::colors($::gDemo(col)) 0] ; # Select Red From Color Table
set ::particle($loop,g) [lindex $::colors($::gDemo(col)) 1] ; # Select Green From Color Table
set ::particle($loop,b) [lindex $::colors($::gDemo(col)) 2] ; # Select Blue From Color Table
}
}
}
$toglwin swapbuffers
incr ::gDemo(delay)
if { $::gDemo(rainbow) && ($::gDemo(delay) > 25) } {
set gDemo(delay) 0 ; # Reset The Rainbow Color Cycling Delay
incr ::gDemo(col) ; # Change The Particle Color
if { $::gDemo(col) > 11 } {
set ::gDemo(col) 0 ; # If Color Is To High Reset It
}
}
}
proc Cleanup {} {
unset ::colors
}
# Put all exit related code here.
proc ExitProg {} {
exit
}
# Create the OpenGL window and some Tk helper widgets.
proc CreateWindow {} {
frame .fr
pack .fr -expand 1 -fill both
# Create Our OpenGL Window
togl .fr.toglwin -width $::gDemo(winWidth) -height $::gDemo(winHeight) \
-double true -depth true \
-createcommand CreateCallback \
-reshapecommand ReshapeCallback \
-displaycommand DisplayCallback
listbox .fr.usage -font $::gDemo(listFont) -height 11
label .fr.info
grid .fr.toglwin -row 0 -column 0 -sticky news
grid .fr.usage -row 1 -column 0 -sticky news
grid .fr.info -row 2 -column 0 -sticky news
grid rowconfigure .fr 0 -weight 1
grid columnconfigure .fr 0 -weight 1
wm title . "Tcl3D demo: NeHe's Particle Tutorial (Lesson 19)"
# Watch For ESC Key And Quit Messages
wm protocol . WM_DELETE_WINDOW "ExitProg"
bind . <Key-Escape> "ExitProg"
bind . <Key-F1> "ToggleWindowMode"
bind . <Key-8> "PullUp .fr.toglwin"
bind . <Key-2> "PullDown .fr.toglwin"
bind . <Key-6> "PullLeft .fr.toglwin"
bind . <Key-4> "PullRight .fr.toglwin"
bind . <Key-b> "Burst .fr.toglwin"
bind . <Key-Up> "IncreaseUpwardSpeed"
bind . <Key-Down> "IncreaseDownwardSpeed"
bind . <Key-Left> "IncreaseLeftSpeed"
bind . <Key-Right> "IncreaseRightSpeed"
bind . <Key-plus> "SpeedUp"
bind . <Key-minus> "SlowDown"
bind . <Key-d> "IncrZoom 0.2"
bind . <Key-i> "IncrZoom -0.2"
bind . <Key-Return> "ToggleRainbow"
bind . <Key-c> "ToggleColors"
bind .fr.toglwin <1> "StartAnimation"
bind .fr.toglwin <2> "StopAnimation"
bind .fr.toglwin <3> "StopAnimation"
bind .fr.toglwin <Control-Button-1> "StopAnimation"
.fr.usage insert end "Key-Escape Exit"
.fr.usage insert end "Key-F1 Toggle window mode"
.fr.usage insert end "Key-Return Toggle rainbow mode"
.fr.usage insert end "Key-c Toggle colors"
.fr.usage insert end "Key-b Burst"
.fr.usage insert end "Key-8|2 Pull up|down"
.fr.usage insert end "Key-6|4 Pull left|right"
.fr.usage insert end "Key-Up|Down Increase upward|downward speed"
.fr.usage insert end "Key-Left|Right Increase left|right speed"
.fr.usage insert end "Key-d|i Decrease|Increase distance"
.fr.usage insert end "Mouse-L|MR Start|Stop animation"
.fr.usage configure -state disabled
}
CreateWindow
PrintInfo [tcl3dOglGetInfoString]
if { [file tail [info script]] eq [file tail $::argv0] } {
# If started directly from tclsh or wish, then start animation.
update
StartAnimation
}
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