busy manual page - Built-In Commands

## Tcl/Tk Documentation > Tk Commands, version 8.6.18 > busy

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  NAME
    busy — Make Tk widgets busy, temporarily blocking user interactions
  SYNOPSIS
  DESCRIPTION
  INTRODUCTION
  EXAMPLE
  OPERATIONS
    tk busy window ?option value?...
    tk busy cget window option
    tk busy configure window ?option value?...
    tk busy current ?pattern?
    tk busy forget window ?window?...
    tk busy hold window ?option value?...
      -cursor cursorName
    tk busy status window
  EVENT HANDLING
  BINDINGS
  ENTER/LEAVE EVENTS
  KEYBOARD EVENTS
  PORTABILITY
  SEE ALSO
  KEYWORDS

### NAME

busy — Make Tk widgets busy, temporarily blocking user interactions

### SYNOPSIS

tk busy window ?options?
tk busy hold window ?options?
tk busy configure window ?option value?...
tk busy forget window ?window ?...
tk busy current ?pattern?
tk busy status window

### DESCRIPTION

The tk busy command provides a simple means to block mouse pointer events from Tk widgets, while overriding the widget's cursor with a configurable busy cursor. Note this command does not prevent keyboard events from being sent to the widgets made busy.

### INTRODUCTION

There are many times in applications where you want to temporarily restrict what actions the user can take. For example, an application could have a “Run” button that when pressed causes some processing to occur. However, while the application is busy processing, you probably don't want the user to be able to click the “Run” button again. You may also want restrict the user from other tasks such as clicking a “Print” button.

The tk busy command lets you make Tk widgets busy. This means that user interactions such as button clicks, moving the mouse, typing at the keyboard, etc. are ignored by the widget. You can set a special cursor (like a watch) that overrides the widget's normal cursor, providing feedback that the application (widget) is temporarily busy.

When a widget is made busy, the widget and all of its descendants will ignore pointer events. It's easy to make an entire panel of widgets busy. You can simply make the toplevel widget (such as “.”) busy. This is easier and far much more efficient than recursively traversing the widget hierarchy, disabling each widget and re-configuring its cursor.

Often, the tk busy command can be used instead of Tk's grab command. Unlike grab which restricts all user interactions to one widget, with the tk busy command you can have more than one widget active (for example, a “Cancel” dialog and a “Help” button).

#### EXAMPLE

You can make several widgets busy by simply making its ancestor widget busy using the hold operation.

    frame .top
    button .top.button; canvas .top.canvas
    pack .top.button .top.canvas
    pack .top
    # . . .
    tk busy hold .top
    update

All the widgets within .top (including .top) are now busy. Using update insures that tk busy command will take effect before any other user events can occur.

When the application is no longer busy processing, you can allow user interactions again and free any resources it allocated by the forget operation.

    tk busy forget .top

The busy window has a configurable cursor. You can change the busy cursor using the configure operation.

    tk busy configure .top -cursor "watch"

Destroying the widget will also clean up any resources allocated by the tk busy command.

### OPERATIONS

The following operations are available for the tk busy command:

tk busy window ?option value?...
  Shortcut for tk busy hold command.

tk busy cget window option
  Queries the tk busy command configuration options for window. Window must be the path name of a widget previously made busy by the hold operation. The command returns the present value of the specified option. Option may have any of the values accepted by the hold operation.

tk busy configure window ?option value?...
  Queries or modifies the tk busy command configuration options for window. Window must be the path name of a widget previously made busy by the hold operation. If no options are specified, a list describing all of the available options for window (see Tk_ConfigureInfo for information on the format of this list) is returned. If option is specified with no value, then the command returns a list describing the one named option (this list will be identical to the corresponding sublist of the value returned if no option is specified). If one or more option-value pairs are specified, then the command modifies the given widget option(s) to have the given value(s); in this case the command returns the empty string. Option may have any of the values accepted by the hold operation.

  Please note that the option database is referenced through window. For example, if the widget .frame is to be made busy, the busy cursor can be specified for it by either option command:

      option add *frame.busyCursor gumby
      option add *Frame.BusyCursor gumby

tk busy current ?pattern?
  Returns the pathnames of all widgets that are currently busy. If a pattern is given, only the path names of busy widgets matching pattern are returned.

tk busy forget window ?window?...
  Releases resources allocated by the tk busy command for window, including the transparent window. User events will again be received by window. Resources are also released when window is destroyed. Window must be the name of a widget specified in the hold operation, otherwise an error is reported.

tk busy hold window ?option value?...
  Makes the specified window (and its descendants in the Tk window hierarchy) appear busy. Window must be a valid path name of a Tk widget. A transparent window is put in front of the specified window. This transparent window is mapped the next time idle tasks are processed, and the specified window and its descendants will be blocked from user interactions. Normally update should be called immediately afterward to insure that the hold operation is in effect before the application starts its processing. The following configuration options are valid:

  -cursor cursorName
    Specifies the cursor to be displayed when the widget is made busy. CursorName can be in any form accepted by Tk_GetCursor. The default cursor is wait on Windows and watch on other platforms.

tk busy status window
  Returns the status of a widget window. If window presently can not receive user interactions, 1 is returned, otherwise 0.

### EVENT HANDLING

#### BINDINGS

The event blocking feature is implemented by creating and mapping a transparent window that completely covers the widget. When the busy window is mapped, it invisibly shields the widget and its hierarchy from all events that may be sent. Like Tk widgets, busy windows have widget names in the Tk window hierarchy. This means that you can use the bind command to handle events in the busy window:

    tk busy hold .frame.canvas
    bind .frame.canvas_Busy <Enter> { ... }

Normally the busy window is a sibling of the widget. The name of the busy window is “widget_Busy” where widget is the name of the widget to be made busy. In the previous example, the pathname of the busy window is “.frame.canvas_Busy”. The exception is when the widget is a toplevel widget (such as “.”) where the busy window can't be made a sibling. The busy window is then a child of the widget named “widget._Busy” where widget is the name of the toplevel widget. In the following example, the pathname of the busy window is “._Busy”.

    tk busy hold .
    bind ._Busy <Enter> { ... }

#### ENTER/LEAVE EVENTS

Mapping and unmapping busy windows generates Enter/Leave events for all widgets they cover. Please note this if you are tracking Enter/Leave events in widgets.

#### KEYBOARD EVENTS

When a widget is made busy, the widget is prevented from gaining the keyboard focus by a user clicking on it by the busy window. But if the widget already had focus, it still may receive keyboard events. The widget can also still receive focus through keyboard traversal. To prevent this, you must move focus to another window and make sure the focus can not go back to the widgets made busy (e.g. but restricting focus to a cancel button).

    pack [frame .frame]
    pack [text .frame.text]
    tk busy hold .frame
    pack [button .cancel -text "Cancel" -command exit]
    focus .cancel
    bind .cancel <Tab> {break}
    bind .cancel <Shift-Tab> {break}
    update

The above example moves the focus from .frame immediately after invoking the hold so that no keyboard events will be sent to .frame or any of its descendants. It also makes sure it's not possible to leave button .cancel using the keyboard.

### PORTABILITY

Note that the tk busy command does not currently have any effect on macOS when Tk is built using Aqua support.

### SEE ALSO

grab

### KEYWORDS

busy, keyboard events, pointer events, window
Copyright © 1993-1998 Lucent Technologies, Inc.
Copyright © 2008 Jos Decoster